Substack UTM Builder
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UTM parameters let Google Analytics (or any analytics tool) tell you exactly which link someone clicked, not just that traffic arrived. Use a consistent naming pattern (lowercase, hyphenated) across campaigns so your reports stay clean.
What UTM parameters actually do
UTM parameters are plain query-string tags appended to a URL - utm_source, utm_medium, and utm_campaign are the three Google Analytics and most other analytics tools read by default, with utm_term and utm_content available for more granular tracking (like distinguishing a bio-link click from an in-post link click). None of them change where the link goes; they only add information your analytics tool can read when someone clicks through.
The value is in consistency: using the same lowercase, hyphenated naming pattern every time (e.g. always "twitter" not sometimes "Twitter" or "X") keeps your analytics reports clean instead of splintering the same source into multiple inconsistent rows.
Questions
What do UTM parameters actually track?
They tag a URL with source, medium, and campaign information that analytics tools read when someone clicks through - showing you exactly which link drove a visit, instead of just 'traffic arrived.'
Do UTM parameters change where the link goes?
No - they're added to the end of the URL as query parameters and don't affect the destination at all. They're purely informational for your analytics tool.
What's the difference between utm_source and utm_medium?
utm_source identifies where the click came from (e.g. 'twitter'), while utm_medium identifies the type of channel (e.g. 'social'). Together they answer 'from where' and 'what kind of channel.'
Why do I need a consistent naming pattern?
Analytics tools treat 'Twitter' and 'twitter' as different sources. A consistent lowercase, hyphenated pattern keeps the same traffic source from splintering into multiple rows in your reports.